Social Psychology Investigate People s Behaviors Within...

Abstract The relatively new science, called Social psychology investigate people’s behaviors within group interactions by using researcher’s knowledge of stereotypes and heuristics (Baron, A. Robert, Branscombe, R. Nyla, pp. 37 183). The way people feel about other individuals and behave within their groups is determine by their quick judgments of others. Whenever quick judgments of others are made, representations of â€Å"that kind of person† is created and stored into memory. Typically anyone not in the same group is an outsider (Hamilton L. David, Sherman J. Stevens, 1996). Several studies have supported the idea that both the use of stereotypes and heuristics influence the way individuals behave in group settings. Although there are a few that state that other characteristics are the cause of any particular behavior within a group, such as proximity (Leonard M. Jessup David A. Tansik, 2007). Naturally it is common for individuals to judge other individual s, as well as other groups based on beliefs about the individuals or groups (Hamilton L. David, Sherman J. Stevens, 1996). How a person feels about their self may also influence their behavior and cause either negative or positive feelings (Bargh, A. John, Chen Mark, Burrows Lara, 1996). Key words: Stereotypes, heuristics, influence Does the habit of creating stereotypes, and use of Heuristics influence individual’s group behavior? In one form of investigation researchers use social psychology inShow MoreRelatedSocial Psychology And Its Impact On Individual Behavior1262 Words   |  6 PagesSocial psychology has evolved through history and its developments and contributions have been remarkable. This specialized area of psychology studies various topics that are significant for human beings (Ross, Lepper, Ward, 2010). This paper presents with an overview of social psychology by addressing its central themes, strengths, limitations, relevance, and the significance of cultural considerations. Central themes Three central themes are apparent in social psychology research. These themesRead MoreWhy Humans Develop Their Psychological Attributes Based On Genetics ( Nature ) Or Their Environment1085 Words   |  5 Pagesenvironment and how they were raised (nurture) are two controversial issues in central psychology within psychologist and philosophers. For centuries, the disputation between nature and nurture surged on regards to which one of the two has a greater significance: ‘The inborn nature of the individual or the environmental influences that nurture the individual’.( Hockenbury, Don; Hockenbury, Sandra E.. Discovering Psychology (Page 3). Although there have been debates on both issues, psychologist acceptedRead MorePsychology : A Human s Mind1399 Words   |  6 Pageshuman s mind is based on the principals both taught into and gathered from experiences as a child. As children grow older, they soon start deciphering this information to decide for themselves which of their actions are right and wrong. What draws me to study psychology is this mental processing, and how it affects a person s current and future character; particularly children. Childhood is a stage when a person s individual identity begins to form; Children, more so than any other age group, areRead MoreSymbolic Interactionism1727 Words   |  7 Pageswhom emphasized the subjective meaning of human behavior, the social process, and pragmatism. Herbert Blumer, who studied with Mead at the University of Chicago, is responsible for coining the term, symbolic interactionism, as well as for formulating the most prominent version of the theory (Blumer 1969). Mead is generally regarded as the founder of the symbolic interaction approach. George Herbert Mead (1863-1931) was trained in social psychology and philosophy and spent most of his academic careerRead MoreRetirement: Stereotypes and Combined Effects of Gender and Age1636 Words   |  7 PagesOrganizational Citizenship Behavior for Younger and Older Workers Employees are increasingly pushing back retirement leading to an older and higher proportion of older employees in the workplace. In fact, the SHRM Workplace Forecast (2013) released by The Society for Human Resource’s listed the generation gap as a top future workplace trend. In addition, women are to becoming more and more a part of today’s workforce. However, both older individuals and women remain highly stereotyped groups. A majority ofRead MoreEssay on The Human Response to Physical Structure1583 Words   |  7 Pagesvisual elements such as bricks, rock, vegetation and foliage, hallways, doors, windows, trims, and flooring. These elements combine to allow each individuals experience of a space. The German word gestalt means form or shape. Gestalt psychology attempts to investigate the human mind and how it conceives of or recognizes patterns. Scientists believe the human mind is wired to search for import and significance in sensory information input. This wiring may be the evolutionary result of hundreds of thousandsRead MoreThe Participant s Self Concept Personality1387 Words   |  6 PagesThe Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 62(3), 713-715. doi:10.1037/h0044721.†] found that participants are more accepting of strangers that have the same self-concept personality as themselves as compared with strangers with different personalities. It is hypothesized that participants who are int roverts would rate profiles of introverts higher than people of extroverts, and the participants who are extroverts would rate profiles of extroverts higher than people of introverts. It is furtherRead MoreBranding, Advertising, And Marketing Essay1694 Words   |  7 Pagescompletely rely upon the complex elements of human psychology, as well as on how cultural norms and values influence the individual. This has in fact been an integral concern of marketing historically; the mere presenting of a product or service is ineffective unless some reflection of its deeper value or meaning to the potential consumer is reinforced. In the mid-20th century, for example, advertisers placed a large emphasize on the post-war norms within American society, and stressed how products providedRead MoreConflict Between Obedience And Authority And Personal Morale1226 Words   |  5 PagesOne of the biggest questions to date that still remains, is how individuals could ever participate in such unethic al behaviors and what motivated these ordinary individuals to commit such corrupt acts in nature. â€Å"The essence in obedience consists in the fact that a person comes to view himself as an instrument for carrying out another person s wishes and he therefore no longer regards himself as responsible for his actions.† ( ) When one thinks of the many historical events, it is evidentRead MoreCultural Differences in Self-Efficacy1996 Words   |  8 Pagesattainments† (p. 3). Self-efficacy refers to the judgments of what one can do with whatever skills one possesses rather than the judgments of the skills themselves. In self-efficacy theory, people evaluate their skills and abilities and convert their beliefs about their capabilities into purposive action (Bandura, 1997). As people enact their self-efficacy beliefs, they demonstrate a degree of control over (a) the activities they choose to pursue, (b) the persistence they display in the pursuit of goals, and

Violence at School Will It Ever End - 2368 Words

Violence At School: Will It Ever End? Introduction: Despite the recent surge of catastrophes in our nation, violence is not a new issue. Violent occurrences such as shootings, bombings, and other terroristic events are things that have been happening for hundreds, or maybe even thousands of years. One aspect of these tragedies that seems to be the most terrible of all is violence in the school setting. Even this type of violence is not a new occurrence. School shootings and other violent acts of that nature have been occurring in the school setting for decades. However, it wasn’t until recently that these issues have been such a front-runner in the public spotlight. The three most well-known acts of school violence to date are the†¦show more content†¦Educators also have received certain training and materials to prepare them for exactly this type of situation, including disaster training and various disaster kits in the classroom. Fast (2008) clearly believes that violence can most easily be obstructed in the pr evention phase, before it actually begins. Police at School: A Brief History and Current Status of School Resource Officers This article is one that discusses much more obvious and much less theoretical approach for handling violence in schools. Police at School discusses the option of school systems hiring School Resource Officers (SROs) to help manage the behavior of students while at school. Like the aforementioned book, this article discusses a fairly newly implemented resource whose main purpose is to keep violence out of the school system in the first place. Weiler and Cray (2010) mention that School Resource Officers have been in elementary, middle, and high schools since the mid- 1950’s. However, they did not truly gain the popularity that they have now until the mid- 1990’s after a series of school shootings. Because of these acts of violence, students, parents, and even staff at schools nationwide began to feel unsafe. Weiler and Cray (2010) report that after the implementation of this program nea rly two decades ago, people finally feel safe once more. The article defines School Resource Officers as certified peace officers employed by theShow MoreRelatedArgument Essay on the Use of Guns by Teachers in Schools903 Words   |  4 PagesWeapons Since 2010 there have been thirty-one school shootings in the United States alone (Black). In this past year, the year of 2013, there have already been 8 school shootings in the USA (Black). Eight school shootings in one month. That number is outrageous and not healthy for our students to have the best learning experience. No student deserves to go to school fearing that they may fall victim to violence at their school. I believe that our schools can be made safer by a law being written thatRead MoreEssay on Violence is the Enemy of Today’s Youth884 Words   |  4 PagesViolence is the Enemy of Today’s Youth When a child observes daily occurrences of violence across: news broadcast, radio, and public incidences, why society is so violent should not be the question, but how society can decrease youth violence should be explored. Today’s youth has an overwhelming burden to bear. Violence has increased in society and youth often are exposed to situations that end in violent acts. The family dynamic has changed significantly in the last 40 years: with increased divorceRead More Media Essay1506 Words   |  7 Pages Violence in the Media Violence in the media has been a growing problem ever since the emergence of mass media. One wonders however, how violence has become so prominent in our culture, more so than other countries. More minors are being involved in heinous crimes such as murders and armed robberies. Even play on the school ground is getting rougher. There are many factors that play into the increasing violence, such as over population, religious struggles, and race. One factor thatRead MoreEssay on Violence is the Enemy of Today’s Youth902 Words   |  4 Pagesand too often parents don’t figure out what their child was involved in until it is too late. Today’s youth has an overwhelming burden to bear because of growing societal violence. When youth observes daily occurrences of violence, why society is so violent should not be the question, but how society can decrease youth violence should be what is scrutinize. The family dynamic has changed much in the last 40 years: with increase d divorce, single parent households, and blended families contributingRead MoreIt ´s Not Just Girls Play1077 Words   |  4 Pageswe need to get ahold of them we can. Because of these technologies we have made it easy for these girls to claim their doing no wrong, often they use others girls to inflict their pain also their violence does not include physical infliction. Undeniably this fact is not true. And sadly teachers, school official’s including the bully’s parents have the same nonchalant thought process, claiming this is normal behavior â€Å"girls will be girls† they will grow out of it and the one who is being tormentedRead MoreSelf-Defense Is the Answer Essay1164 Words   |  5 Pagesconcern if a student were ever find himself in a life threatening situation, would he even know how to properly defend himself? Schools should be looking for answers to discover ways to protect defenseless kids. An answer to this chaos would be to offer self-defense c lasses in schools, to give students the life learning lesson of protecting one’s self. However, this controversial topic is not accepted by every school board. Even though some school boards argue that schools who offer self-defense classesRead MoreDickens Creation of a Picture of Nineteenth Century School in Nicholas Nickleby641 Words   |  3 PagesNineteenth Century School in Nicholas Nickleby This essay demonstrates how Charles Dickens, the author of the novel Nicholas Nickleby creates an image of the 19th century school Dothebys Hall School for Boys. Also I will be discussing the conditions of the school, the description of the boys and the protagonists (Mr. Squeers, Smike and Nicholas.) In the 19th century the rich students were treated pleasantly because they had the money to pay the school however the poorRead More Teenage Violence In Schools Essay1431 Words   |  6 Pages Page #1 Teenage violence in schools has become a tremendous concern to many people. School violence over the past number of years has been increasing and family life, the things that occur in schools and the neighborhoods that the teenagers (that commit the crimes or violent acts) live in are some of the major factors. These are not necessarily the only causes to teenage violence. Family Lifestyle and the behavior of members within the family have been shown to have a direct affect on a teenager’sRead MoreWhy School Violence Have Such Of An Effect On Our Society Today?1142 Words   |  5 PagesSpeech 131- T/TH 7:30 am Section 33282 Courtney Mathis ID # 2899247 Why does school violence have such of an effect on our society today? School violence is the intentional use of physical force or power, group or community, with the behavior likely to cause physical or psychological harm. Most school violence start from differences between teenagers. Like for instance about some weeks ago this girl named Amy Joyner died over this boy. The girls that jumped her was mad that she was datingRead MoreForms And Causes Of Teen Dating Violence1132 Words   |  5 PagesDating Violence Anya Colburn University of Nebraska — Kearney There are many things that teenagers end up going through, some good and some bad. One thing that some teenager unfortunately go through is dating violence. Dating violence is physical, emotional, psychologic, or sexual violence in a dating relationship. Throughout my paper I discuss some of the different reasons people may engage in dating violence, such as the media and bullying. I also discuss cyber dating violence and the

Funeral Blues Essay Free Essays

Funeral Blues â€Å"A METEOR FROM the universe of Wystan Hugh Auden flashed into the atmosphere of American culture in 1994 when â€Å"Funeral Blues,† a poem written in 1936, was recited in a eulogy scene in the movie Four Weddings and a Funeral. † (Johnson) Many people have wondered what it is like to lose someone they love; if one does not know the feeling they are very fortunate. Some people think that without that certain someone, their life will cease to exist. We will write a custom essay sample on Funeral Blues Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now In W. H. Auden’s poem â€Å"Funeral Blues,† a woman loses her lover and cannot even imagine how she is going to get on with her life; she puts her deceased companion on a God-like pedestal; and she loves him so much that she believes that he is her whole world. In â€Å"Funeral Blues,† Auden makes the bitter attitude of the speaker toward the subject of death apparent to the readers through the use of symbols, imagery, and metaphor. In the first verse, the speaker states â€Å"stop all the clocks, cut off the telephone†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Auden Line 1). The clock being stopped may signify the fact the man who died has run out of time, or possibly to ask those who knew him to stop what they are doing and grieve. With the idea of the telephone being cut off, she wants to show the deceased the respect he deserves by honoring him with a moment of silence. In the second verse the speaker states, â€Å"let aeroplanes circle moaning overhead† (Auden 5). She uses this metaphor to reveal the pointlessness of her life. What is the point of planes flying in circles? They do not get anywhere flying in a circle. She is comparing the pointlessness of flying in circles to her life without her partner. The persona in the poem talks about her deceased partner as if he is on a God-like pedestal. The reader realizes just how important the deceased is to the speaker when reading the phrase â€Å"†¦He is Dead†. (Auden 6). The use of the capital letters displays the incredibly close relationship between the two lovers. She talks about the aeroplanes scribbling sky messages, it is very doubtful that someone that is not in the limelight is going to have sky messages at their funeral that rarely happens at a celebrity funeral, let alone at a funeral of someone who is not in the limelight. To show the God-like significance, â€Å"He† is capitalized when she is talking about the writing in the sky. She also thinks that the funeral procession is going to be so long that they will need a police officer directing traffic. The persona in the poem continues to describe the intimacy between her and her lover, claiming that he was her â€Å"North, South, East, and West† (Auden 9). She has just realized that because of her companion’s death, along with everything else, her love has also come to an end. Like before, she commands the reader to carry out impossible tasks. â€Å"The stars are not wanted now: put out every one; Pack up the moon and dismantle the sun† (Auden 13-14). She also begs for the oceans and forests to disappear. †Pour away the ocean and sweep up the wood. † (Auden 15) Without her lover, she feels like her life is meaningless. The speaker honestly believes that because of this tragic event, â€Å"†¦nothing now can ever come to any good. (Auden 16) She cannot picture her life without him, almost like she does not want to survive without him. W. H. Auden does not want one to find the meaning of the poem, but to feel the grief on how this person does not believe in living anymore since her loved one has passed away. It shows that she wants everything to stop and for everyone to feel what she’s feeling and mourn together with her. She put her lover on a God-like pedestal and thinks that he is just as important to everyone else like he i s to her. Auden’s choice of words draws the reader into a greater understanding of the intensity and depth of feelings experienced upon the loss of a loved one. The symbolism used by the poet pulls us into the actual world of grief as the speaker searches for ways to mourn this passing. Works Cited Auden, W. H. â€Å"Funeral Blues. † Literature and the Writing Process. 9th Ed. McMahan, Elizabeth, et al. Upper Saddle River: Pearson, 2011. 614. Print. Johnson, Jeffrey. Christian Century 4 September 2007: 47-48. Academic Search Premier. Web. 26 February 2013. How to cite Funeral Blues Essay, Essays

Entrepreneurship for Values & Responsibility- Brief Description Here

Question: Discuss about the Entrepreneurship for Values and Responsibility. Answer: Introduction Apart from entrepreneurship and Islam, the article looks into cultural, socio-political aspects affecting Islam and conduct business. In the Middle East, Islam as a religion is seemingly a kick start in the development of commerce although it is at times perceived as a barrier in financial institutions progress due to its stringent rules on money lending and other transactions. This paper will establish the connection Islam culture as influenced by the Islam pillars as well as acceptable entrepreneurial values as per Islams guiding principles. The pillars of Islam form basis of obligations of Muslims in business arena as well as the normal life as the pillars define to Muslims how and how not carry themselves in terms of business to the extent that they form part of their spiritual obligation to Allah. While examining this, the influence of Islam in shaping the diverse market apart from the majorly known-for market as well the developing features of Middle East business (Gasparski, R yan Kwiatkowski, 2010). Pillars Guiding Islam Islam is anchored on five pillars that dictate the conduct and manner of carrying out activities as a believer. The pillars are based on purpose they are meant to achieve as per the intended function of a particular function. The religion just like other religion attempts to regulates actions towards Allah and fellow humans. Islam pillars ether fall in the category of permissible, not-permissible, despised commanded, recommended and forbidden. Below is a discussion of each one of the pillars and the intended purpose they acquire as prescribed in Islam ( Kayed Hassan, 2011). This is related to the conduct of the faithful during the Holy month of Ramadhan. Adherence to the dictates of fasting falls under the commanded category while failure to abstain from sex, alcohol and other luxuries falls under the category of forbidden. The conduct of Muslim especially during the Holy month of Ramadhan greatly affects business due to the limited and regulated consumption and trading activities taking place. For example, Muslim faithful is prohibited from taking pork meat as that fall under the forbidden category which in turn falls under the despised category. Flowing from that premise alone, the culture to that extent affects development of entrepreneurship especially in selling pork meat in the Middle East In (Landes, Mokyr Baumol, 2010) This pillar comes in to regulate the conduct of the faithful when it comes worship and prayers. The creed dictates that only God is to worshipped and no other which goes hand in hand with observance of the Holy day of worshipping. It also relates to monotheism in that the faithful should only recognize Allah and Prophet Muhammad as Allahs prophet. Any deviation from the creed falls under the commanded as the creed flows from Allahs commandments. The creed thus influences and limits what a faithful should prioritize in terms of entrepreneurship and observance of the creed. This pillar encourages the faithful in helping the disadvantaged members of the society through giving especially the needy. The pillar also encourages social security welfare in Islam security which has been there in the Middle East which in turn has since developed into charitable foundations. Charitable acts fall under the permissible and recommended category and goes hand in hand with affecting the interaction of businesses with the society. Prayers and pilgrimage This touches on the number of prayer times a faithful should subscribe to daily as well as the types of prayers on should do. Praying five times a day is commanded under Islam while exceeding the prayer times is encouraged and falls under recommended category. Saying a Dua or Salat is generally commanded to a Muslim where one is a personal prayer by a faithful to Allah and a prayer for special times, for example, ritual prayers, respectively. Related to ritual prayers is paying is the recommended visit of a Muslim faithful at least in lifetime to the Holy city of Mecca and Medina (Hassan Lewis, 2007). The Islam a culture accepts and commends legitimate effort for one to make money in terms of profit, especially in business. In the same breadth, Islam culture loathes illegitimate ways of making money and that makes such acts as prohibited under the pillars. From the foregoing, a business activity that develops from fraudulent means are not accepted before the eyes of the minimum acceptable forms of conducts of Muslims. Conversely, Islam focuses on collective operations of business as opposed to an individualistic form of business although it encourages a free market (Chamlou World Bank,2008). The research Methodology The author employs a desktop review of secondary resources available. From a comparative analysis of research and findings, the author discovers that the Middle East has greatly pressed of Family owned businesses especially in oil business. It is the authors finding that the market should be diversified to allow and encourage other forms of business apart from oil industry to excel. A point of concern also is the notion of business ownership and control in the Middle East that majorly anchored on Islam culture of collective ownership. The author has also used case study research in drawing a comparative study in the perspectives of gender emancipation as well as historical research in tracking the development in terms of socioeconomic and political changes in the Middle East(Hassan Lewis, 2007). Need for Female Gender Emancipation Historically, women in the Middle East had limited roles in socioeconomic and political participation. Although, in almost all countries, women have been allowed the right to vote and be voted in fir elective positions, participation of women in economic activities remains greatly limited. This is due to poor awareness against discrimination against women as well uncoordinated or lack of women empowerment programs. Due to the limited space in economic arena, women are only able to access and control small business enterprises which negligibly contribute to their economic wellbeing. Some Islamic culture dictating that women should put on hijabs and should not drive cars are not mandated under Q'uran but has come into being as a result of social arrangement of culture of Muslims. Diversification of Market In Saudi Arabia, for instance has not invested in health care services but has concentrated on oil market which has resulted to unaffordability of support services such as health due to unavailability. The market terrain in the Middle East should be enabled by both the government by injecting funds in infrastructural development such as health so as to ease the cost of treatment of chronic disease. For example, in Saudi Arabia, the people face high cost of treatment due to the high prices charged at the private hospital which are very few. Diversification of entrepreneurial skills and opportunity would change the face in the accessibility of social services such as health and schools. The government should put in place incentives to attract investors in others forms of trading other than oil which are family-owned businesses ( Kayed Hassan, 2011). Conclusion Entrepreneurship in the Middle East is highly influenced by the Islam culture which verifies from traditionalist, modernists and Muslim liberals. Traditionalists believe the Islam culture on business should be followed to the letter while the modernist deviates where there is reasonable cause to do so. The liberals are on the extreme end who are willing to do anything, including disobeying the pillars and culture to make money. It is the authors conclusion that the dissenting voices in the market be unified to allow for a conducive environment of entrepreneurship in the Middle East. Also, the idea of family-owned business based on collective ownership and control tend to unhealthy for businesses at times in terms of expansion and growth. This is due to narrow opportunities associated with family-owned businesses and wide challenges associated to such arrangements. Due to the peculiarity of these businesses, the respective governments and academia as well as the media should extensive ly involve the business classes in policy and planning. It is the considered conclusion that participation of women in socioeconomic and political development in the Middle East has not been maximized for lack of empowerment and proper and appropriate policies to encourage women participation. The individual governments should put in place mechanisms and programs directed towards achievement of maximum participation of women in every arena devoid of any discrimination. Reference List: Chamlou, N., World Bank. (2008). The environment for women's entrepreneurship in the Middle East and North Africa. Washington, D.C: World Bank. Gasparski, W., Ryan, L. V., Kwiatkowski, S. M. (2010). Entrepreneurship: Values and responsibility. New Brunswick: Transaction Publishers. Hassan, K., Lewis, M. (2007). Handbook of Islamic banking. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar. Kayed, R. N., Hassan, K. (2011). Islamic entrepreneurship. In Landes, D. S., In Mokyr, J., In Baumol, W. J. (2010). The invention of enterprise: Entrepreneurship from ancient Mesopotamia to modern times. Princeton, N.J: Princeton University Press. Ramadani, V., Dana, L.-P., Ge?rguri-Rashiti, S., Ratten, V., Springer International Publishing AG. (2017). Entrepreneurship and management in an Islamic context. Cham: Springer.