JavaScript-Same Origin Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

JavaScript-Same Origin Policy - Essay Example The essay "JavaScript-Same Origin Policy" overviews a security concept, the same origin policy, a concept used when there is a need to isolate documents retrieved from distinct origins. The same origin ideas thus help in avoiding the hackers from injecting evil sites into someone’s or other sites that are wanted private. This origin policy always starts with trust; a web page owns its data and is free to submit that data to the original website. Thus, the already running JavaScript will be given an assurance of not being evil. The JavaScript will load more content e.g. building a simple image gallery use that is through writing JavaScript encryptions that insert and erases into the existing page. The browser, therefore, will instantly load the image, in a way, showing that it had been present in the existing page, and removes it from the display if the image is deleted. Thus, the same origin policy code prevents the JavaScript from directing data to a dissimilar server or from writing a data belonging to a different server. Enabling communications with another domain will depend on the use of JSONP, which grounds on a -tag. The sent information to another domain is encrypted in the URL as limits. The resumed JavaScript comprises of a purpose call with the invited info as parameters. Though if some evil encryptions of JavaScript gets submitted into a clean web page, it may results into an tag and includes them on that page. It will be safe to develop a URL to any intimidating domain.

Analyse a five-minute extract of an episode of a soap Essay Example for Free

Analyse a five-minute extract of an episode of a soap Essay Analyse a five-minute extract of an episode of a soap, drawing reference to features which maximise the dramatic effectiveness as seen by the audience. The dramatic effectiveness as viewed by the audience is governed by many different features, for example the camera position and angle. During a peak of tension or drama, the director may choose a close-up shot of a zooming-out shot that fades to either the credits or the next scene. The way the camera captures the picture can either make a scene take off or just blend in with any other. At the beginning of Eastenders, there was a birds eye view of the Square that was interrupted by different conversations about dramas going on in different peoples lives. I thought this type of spy camera method was fast moving and really effective in maximising the drama in the characters lives. Another spy camera whisked through the market stalls giving you a feeling of being there with the characters and involved in their situations or dilemmas, whether they be good or bad. I wasnt aware of much editing in the scenes I was analysing, but I often heard sound from the following scene, while the current one was still in shot. I also noticed this can be done with the music being held and the picture changing. This became apparent in the first scene, the title music was still playing but the picture had changed to Barry, a failing businessman who was having a angry conversation with his father Roy, about the car lot. During the theme tune and credits at the end of the soap, I noticed straight after the last scene has ended they interrupt the broadcast to advertise another show or an event the channel needs promoting. Although this editing isnt about the scenes in the extract I still think it is important. Lighting is a major and significant part in a soap. I am not sure if it adds too much dramatic tension to a plot but it does help to set the scene. In the scene, between Roy and Barry there was a silhouette created by Barry. He is usually being talked down to. I think by creating a shadow, standing in the window, with his father sitting in an armchair looking at his back, it shows Barry is trying to exert some dominance. Unfortunately for Barry his father was not going to stand being talked to like that. One other effect created by lighting I noticed was in E20. The lights in the night-club are always dim, even in the day, creating a mysterious, sinister atmosphere . Lighting can be very useful to a soap but only if employed in the correct manner. Dialogue is, I believe extremely important. The characters intellect and personality is expressed through their language. The dialogue can build tension to extreme points so the audience are on the edge of their seats, and are suspending their own belief. They forget real life for half an hour and become involved in the soap plot. Slang is used all the time in soaps, it is like the their own language. I also saw dialogue styles change when one person spoke to different people. A prime example is Beppe. When he talks to Lynne he has a soft, kind and friendly tone, but when Lynne leaves E20 (the setting of their conversation), Steve and Beppe are left alone. At this point Beppe lets out a sigh and his tone changes completely. His harsh and defensive attitude returns as he talks to Steve. Tension in the scenes can be maximised by shouting or screaming. I feel a scene would be far more dramatic and interesting if the characters in it were screaming at each other, rather than discussing things politely. Voiceovers are very subtly used in soaps so that viewers barely realise that they are being used. Sometimes a shot is held for a few seconds longer than usual, while the sound from the next scene is already playing. This tension-building pause is very effective, and maximises totally the dramatic tension present in the scene. This is the only type of voice-over I saw in my five-minute extract. Sound effects or FX are fundamental in the formula of soap operas, they are used in every scene almost. They come in the forms of a juke box playing in the Vic, a baby crying in the market or a tube going past. These sounds add to the supposed reality of the soap. Another sound effect everyone knows is the theme tune. The song readies the audience for the beginning of the forth coming drama. The music is used in the theme tune (which I have already analysed) is very effective in suspending the audience, making them anxious. I noticed that there is always music playing in the Vic that co-ordinates with the moods of the punters. For instance if there has just been a argument or fight and everyone is depressed and have nothing to talk about, the music will be subtle and quiet. Where as if there was a party or a celebration going on the music would be much more lively and loud. Also when there is a fight or a scene of some kind, the music is always conveniently halted, and everyone turns to see what is going on. I believe the music doesnt do much by itself to maximise the dramatic effectiveness, but it certainly aids the actors in building the illusion that they are in a busy and social place. Visual effects are a real essential in displaying maximised drama in soaps. I saw this from the very start of my five-minute extract. The opening picture of the Thames river in the last few years has been swapped from a model to a real one. This change has resulted in another very noticeable colour-change in the river. I think the new picture looks more realistic and gives the viewers a better first impression of the soap. Sometimes visual effects make the subject more believable and therefore more enjoyable to watch. The location is very important in the formula of a soap, as all have a certain area they focus on. In Hollyoaks it is the area around the college, in Coranation Street it is the street and in EastEnders it is the Square. There are very few scenes set outside the specific location in this case the Square. If there ever is the writers will make that whole episode in that place. It just so happened that in the five-minute extract that I was analysing Roy had met his long-lost son Nathan. He had many of the scenes he was in, set at Nathans mothers house. This is an unusual feature in a soap, and to be honest I didnt enjoy having the new sets and characters introduced. It didnt feel like the proper EastEnders. I feel that, that the location has a big part in the plots and dramas in soaps, as we know whenever a new location is introduced a new plot is too. Costumes add to our understanding of a character by reflecting their wealth and personality. You wouldnt expect Kat (tart) to wear the clothes Dot (pensioner) wears or vice a versa. I have been noticing now Billy has lost all his money he has ditched his designer suits for is old casual, trampy clothes. The costumes play a small part in maximising drama, as the audience wouldnt be too interested if two people in E20 were wearing tracksuits. They would be much more interested if they were wearing trendy, skimpy clothes

Overview Of Tourism In Malaysia Tourism Essay

Overview Of Tourism In Malaysia Tourism Essay This chapter is designed to provide an overview to tourism in Malacca and the background of Jonker Street. It is divided into few sections to explain about culture as a factor for travel among tourists, tourism situation in Malacca, background of Jonker Street, problem statement, research objectives, significance of study, limitations of study, definition of terms, methodology as well as research organization. Overview of tourism in Malaysia Tourism sector in Malaysia is the second largest economic contributor to the countrys Gross Domestic Product after oil and gas production. Authorities has been giving attention to this sector as it helps in generating employment opportunities, increasing economic revenue as well as creating the opportunity for development. Malaysia is a country that boasts with its natural environment such as sandy beaches, tropical islands, national parks and mountains, which one of it is known as Southeast Asias highest mountain Mount Kinabalu that is situated in the state of Sabah. Furthermore, Malaysia is home to a mixture of unique identities, featuring multi-racial and multi-ethnic communities; hence, Malaysia has become a country rich in culture, arts and traditions. Over the years, this industry in Malaysia has its ups and downs in tourist arrivals and receipts (refer to table 1), due to economic downturn and natural disasters. The most significant decline in number of tourists was experienced in year 2003 when an outbreak of disease Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome [SARS] hit the world environment. However, despite facing the world economic recession in year 2008 and H1N1 flu disease in 2009, tourist arrivals to Malaysia continued to grow by 57.32% which is from 15.7 million tourists in year 2004 to 24.7 million tourists in year 2011. Table 1: Tourist Arrivals to Malaysia from 2002 to 2011 Year Tourist Arrival (million) Tourism Receipts (RM billion) 2002 13.2 25.8 2003 10.5 21.3 2004 15.7 29.7 2005 16.4 32.0 2006 17.4 36.3 2007 20.9 46.1 2008 22.0 49.6 2009 23.6 53.4 2010 24.6 56.5 2011 24.7 58.3 Source: Tourism Malaysia (2012) Cultural Tourism in Malaysia In todays world of travel, the process of learning and experiencing different cultures has been cited as a common and growing factor for travel among tourists (Lynch, Duinker, Sheehan, Chute, 2011). This factor was not a favourite among tourists when a poll was conducted in the 1980s at the country of United States by Lou Harris, however, in the 1990s, citing visiting cultural, historical and archaeological treasures was important to most of the surveys respondents (Lord, 1999). This occurrence indicates that cultural tourism has long been in demand from the tourists perspective. According to Richards (2007), cultural tourism has the potential to be a new form of alternative tourism among local and international tourists. Therefore, cultural tourism is now a widespread tourism phenomenon. Cultural tourists seek authenticity in their travel (MacCannell, 1973), hence, it is important for a destination to preserve its own unique identity. Malaysia is a country rich of natural beauty and cultural diversity. As more tourists are into the notion of traveling for the purpose of learning other cultures, Malaysias promotional board, Tourism Malaysia, has created the slogan Malaysia, Truly Asia as an effort to attract tourists. Besides, Malacca has also created the slogan Visit Historic Melaka Means Visit Malaysia (Hamzah, 2004). Cultural tourism has become a factor that has lured tourist arrivals to Malaysia and had turned out to be a potential form of alternative tourism for both international and domestic tourists (Mohamed, 2005). Two out of thirteen states in Malaysia are popular destination for cultural tourism, which are Malacca and Penang that has gained listings into UNESCO Heritage List on 8th July 2008. Malacca and Penang both share similarities regards to elements of heritage in the state. For example, both cities depend on historical colonial buildings of the city as main physical attraction for promoting tourism (Ismail, Baum, Kokranikkal, n.d.). Besides, these two cities are located along the Straits of Melaka and were important trading port in the past, had illustrated the multi-culturalism it possesses in the city. (explain the stats) 1.3 Overview of tourism in Malacca For this cultural tourism study, the city of Malacca has been chosen as the studys destination due to the fact that is has been the focal point of Malaysias history. On 15th April 1989, Malacca was then declared as a Historical City to promote its image as a historic tourism destination in Malaysia and was seen as an effort to zone land for tourism and urban conservation (Ismail et al., n.d.). Malacca together with Georgetown Penang has gained listings into UNESCOs (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) World Heritage List in its Culture Category as Historic Cities of the Straits of Malacca in year 2008 due to its historical and cultural factors. Among the criteria that has made Malacca into the list are representing the multicultural trading town in East and Southeast Asia; tangible and intangible multi-cultural living heritage whereby different Asian religions, ethnic, language, dance, costumes, art, food and music coexisted; reflects a unique blend of Asian and European colonial influences on its architecture, townscape and culture, especially, its shop houses and townhouses with some originating in the Dutch and Portuguese periods (UNESCO, n.d.). However, in order to keep the title of being a World Heritage Site, Malacca has to conserve, preserve, and sustain the true unique, beautiful historical and cultural parts of Malacca. Malacca has divided its tourism sector to 12 different subsectors and each subsector has its own unique selling point. Two of the main subsectors in Malaccas tourism context, is heritage tourism and cultural tourism. This is due to the fact that Malacca is a state rich with multicultural society and surviving artefacts that dates back into the 15th century. For instance, Malacca has a mix community of Baba and Nyonya, Kristang (Portuguese-Eurasian or Portuguese-Malaccan), Chitty, Chinese, Malay and Indian; each with its unique cultural identity. Hence, it can be summarized that tourism activities that is based on heritage and culture is significant in Malacca because besides historical aspects, Malacca also has the uniqueness of tangible and intangible cultural heritage which is not available in any other states in Malaysia, for example the Dutch Square and AFamosa. Figure : Tourist Arrivals in Malacca Source: (Melaka-Tourism-Promotion-Division, 2012) Figure 1 shows numbers of tourist arrivals to Malacca for the past 5 years. Before the declaration of Malacca as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, tourist arrivals recorded by the Melaka Tourism Promotion Division (refer to figure 1) was as much as 6,023,311 people in year 2007. However, despite facing world economic recession in year 2008 and 2009, Malacca after the UNESCO declaration, tourist arrivals has shot up by 19.62% to the number of 7,205,492 tourists in year 2008 and an increase of 23.59% by year 2009 with a total of 8,905,273 tourists. The increase in numbers of tourist arrivals has shown that Malacca has the attractions that could catch the attention of tourists who are mostly domestic tourists. After the world economic crisis, tourism was projected to rebound strongly in year 2010 and 2011 in international tourist arrivals and receipts (Kapiki, 2011). Conversely, in year 2010 and 2011, although there is an increase in the number of tourist arrivals, it is noticed that the number had increase by a smaller percentage. For instance, tourist arrivals in year 2010 has an increase by 16.28% compared to arrivals in year 2009; and 17.49% in year 2011 compared to arrivals in year 2010. In other words, although number of tourist arrivals recorded in year 2011 was 12,165,866 tourists, which is the highest record than previous years, however, the arrivals of tourists had reduced while the world economy has slowly improved. This has prompted the question of whether Malaccas attraction is able to provide the authentic experience which is seek by cultural tourists. 1.3 Background of Jonker Street History of Jonker Street, according to a documented research done by Lim and Jorge (2006), dating in the 15th centuries, Jonker Street was one of the densely- populated area of merchants and artisans during the reign of Malacca Sultanate. It continued to be so during the period of Portuguese and Dutch. Following the defeat of Portuguese power to the Dutch, Jalan Hang Jebat was named as Jonker Straat (Noblemans Street) by the Dutch. With the strategic location of Jonker Street situating near the sea, it has helped in prospering the area and became home to most well-to-do people. To ensure a better landscape is seen in Jonker Street, the Dutch government in the mid 1600s, had implemented rules and strict regulations to the houses design, size of brick, position of windows, walls and drain, so that all houses are conformed to the same building standards. In the 1800s, more Chinese merchant bought up houses at Jonker Street, thus, adding Chinese architecture and designs to the faà §ade of buildings. There is a mix community of Chinese, Dutch, Muslim and Portuguese-Eurasian noted staying at Jonker Street until the 19th century, bringing in a diverse of culture and architecture. At the present time, Jonker Street is a five hundred meter long street with a stretch of buildings by both sides of the road. The facade of these buildings features a mixture of Dutch and Chinese architecture. Many of these houses are as old as 300 years. Although the width of houses along Jonker Street seems narrow, however, the length of these historical buildings is at least 50 meters long (Ong Ong, 2004) and creates a space in the middle of the house as courtyards for better air ventilation. Furthermore, the width of Jonker Street is narrow; hence, this historical settlement was designed without a sidewalk for pedestrians. Jonker Street also known as Jalan Hang Jebat, was selected to form a part of the World Heritage Site listings for its residential and commercial values. It is basically, a street that is full of small businesses, cafes, art gallery, handicraft shops, antique shops and clothes shop, which has made it into a shopping zone in the area. However, it could be noticed that some of the shops conducts two or three types of businesses in one shop lot to increase revenue. For example, the owner of an ancestral hall had rented out half of the lower ground of the building to an enterprise to sell local food product and traditional Chinese wedding accessories such as bed linens, wedding attire and red packets and so on; In addition, a shop selling souvenirs and antiques, is also selling desserts. These shops are mostly operated by Malaccan residents whereby some of the shops are being passed down from generation to generation such as an antique shop known as Abdul Company. Besides, Jonker Street is also a place with a variety of artisans and craftsmen such as goldsmiths, watch repairers, clog makers, beaded shoemakers and local chefs. Furthermore, religious activities are conducted at places such as temples, clan buildings and ancestral halls, located along this road. The presence of temples and clan buildings had not only served its purpose in representing the needs of its clan members, but it had also strengthened the cultural elements of Jonker Street. By looking at its past, it is evident that Jonker Street is rich with different architectural styles, and traditional shops that had made it outstanding. However, measures to promote this priceless treasure have not served its purpose. Malacca tourism officers had noted Jonker Streets heritage and cultural value, thus, to further promote it as a tourism spot, more cafes, shops and accommodations emerged; and in June 2000, the local authorities had added a weekly activity at Jonker Street which is Jonker Walk, where it became a street that is popular for its weekend flee market that opens every Friday, Saturday and Sunday. Jonker Walk is a popular attraction for tourists as there is an array of products to be sold, ranging from, snacks, souvenirs, apparel and accessories. According to a study on tourist movement patterns in Malacca done by Rahman, Ismail, and Wai (2011) in observing 8 tourist zones, which is Dataran Sungai Melaka, St. Pauls Hill, Kota Street, Laksamana Street, Temenggung Street, Kampung Pantai, Tokong Street and Jonker Street, it is proven that the tourist attraction with the highest number of tourists, occurs at Jonker Street. Streets in Melaka World Heritage Site such as Tokong Street, Temenggung Street and Kampung Pantai share similar character as Jonker Street; for instance, these streets have traditional traders such as goldsmiths, tin smiths, shop houses and business traders. However, one factor that makes Jonker Street outstanding is the design of its buildings. According to Rahman et al. (2011), Jonker Street was the most visited tourist destination in Malacca as it provides shopping, hotel and catering facilities to the tourists all in one street. Hence, Jonker Street is chosen as the studys destination. Furthermore, Jonker S treet together with Jalan Tun Tan Cheng Lock, has formed the oldest heritage zone in Malacca, and were introduced by Malacca as its living museum (Ong Ong, 2004). Problem Statement Malacca is a state rich in history and culture, which some of it, could not be found in other states of Malaysia. Therefore, plenty of efforts have been made to develop tourism products in Malacca and actively promoting it both within and outside of the country. Jonker Street is one of the examples where by the authority had recognised it as a tourist attraction due to its advantage as the oldest heritage zone in Malacca. 1.4.1Influence of Chinese architecture and presence of Chinese clans When the British took over in the 1825, most of the properties at Jonker Street were acquired by Chinese merchants and changed the architecture of houses at the street with Chinese facades as more wealthy and influential Chinese merchants began to arrive. Soon in the 1900s Jonker Street depict strong Chinese influence with the presence of nine Chinese clan associations and temple for worship. Traditional skills such as goldsmith, carpentry, bricklaying, boatbuilding and baking were also brought in by the Chinese community. 1.4.2 The beginning of commercial area Shortly, in 1927 Eurasian community begin to appear at Jonker Street. This was when Jonker Street begins to build its reputation as a commercial area with shops selling liquor, repair shops, furniture shops, car showroom and etc. By the end of World War Two and the Japanese Occupation, many residents had moved out of the place, making room for local businesses to start serving the basic needs of Malaccans. 1.4.3 Increase of employment opportunities Tourism sector is now considered as one of the three main source of fiscal strength in Malaysia besides sources from petroleum and industry (Hoffman, 1979). This sector has provided local people with a lot of employment opportunities; it is also seen as a main indicator that contributes to the economic growth of a place. Malacca is a state rich with cultural diversity, this in hand, has given Malacca the opportunity to develop its cultural tourism sector. Conceptually, Jonker Street represents the characteristics of rich historical and multi-cultural background of Malacca. Being in a unique cultural setting has also provided opportunity to the multi-cultural society to transform their culture into a saleable object. For instance, tangible culture of Chinese and Baba Nyonya heritage could be sold to tourist through food such as chicken rice balls, nyonya laksa and traditional nyonya cakes; clothes such as nyonya kebaya, wooden clogs and beaded shoes. This popularity has attracted a variety of new art gallery, curio shop and restaurant operators to begin business in the area. Besides plentiful of shopping choices, the arts and culture of Jonker Street was also reflected through orchestral music performances, dance lessons, food and souvenirs. Jonker Street is now deemed as a cultural attraction by the Melaka Tourism Promotion Division. Jonker Street is being promoted as a shopping district, emphasizing on things to buy such as antiques and souvenirs rather than its unique architecture buildings and culture. Undeniably, generating sales is a must in a tourism destination in order to obtain economic benefits from the tourists, yet, are the products sold reflect the culture of Jonker Street? Are the tourists able to remember where they get that piece of product from? Jonker Street has been chosen as the case study based on previous research citing that there is vagueness to the meaning of Jonker Street as a cultural attraction despite possessing criteria that proved it is. According to Ong and Ong (2004), whose study is based on Jonker Walk- the weekend night activity in Jonker Street, has garnered evidence that the project has received negative criticism from the public, citing that it is a negative development on Jonker Street and it is a poor idea in conserving Malacca. One of the criticism mentioned in Ong and Ong (2004), was from Elizabeth Vines (Unesco Asia-Pacific representative) noting that the development of Jonker Walk as a tourist attraction has changed its original character into a commercialised tourist attraction; Vines also mention that in order to bring success to tourism development and promotion of the state, the State Government and entrepreneurs has to consider Malaccas character, soul and authenticity. Furthermore, Lim and Jorge (2006), has also point out that the development of Jonker Street as a night market on weekends, has become the means of destruction of the streets heritage by evicting traditional craft masters and demolition of heritage buildings. For example, premises of goldsmiths from the 1800s to year 2000 were renovated, taking away antique painted glass panels and wall mirrors to accommodate a fast food outlet, a craftsman of traditional Chinese bound foot shoe maker as well as incense and joss stick maker were evicted from their premises and demolished the buildings to make way for new multi-storey hotel which had failed to happen. More to the point, this issue was also brought up by Lindt (2012), Jonker Street is an example of culture street in Malacca that had been transformed into a tourist destination which is less authentic, citing that liquors, batik linens and cheeky T-shirts are among the products sold to tourists at the centuries old heritage street. From the discussion above, the most significant problem being discovered is since the local authorities implemented a new project named Jonker Walk to add to the attractions of Jonker Street, this has raised the question of whether this development affects the cultural values inherent to it? How much of culture value in Jonker Street still remains after the transformation? What cultural experience does Jonker Street offer? Hence, this research is to study what are the products that are provided at Jonker Street in relation to culture tourism elements; and the authenticity of cultural products at Jonker Street from the perspective of stakeholders. 1.5 Research Objective The main objective in this study is to examine whether tourists perceived Jonker Street as an authentic cultural attraction. From this main objective, three sub-objectives are formed, as listed below: To study the existing product provided at Jonker Street in relation to culture tourism elements To study the authenticity of cultural products at Jonker Street from the perspective of stakeholders (government, Jonker Walk Committee, entrepreneur and tourist) 1.6 Research Question As an investigative research study, the research questions developed are based on the objectives of the research. The research questions are as below: What product is provided at Jonker Street in terms of cultural attraction? What are the demographics of tourists in Jonker Street? What is the interest to visit Jonker Street? What is the perception of stakeholders towards authenticity in Jonker Street? Table 1: Summary of Objective and Research Question Research Objectives Research Questions To study the existing product provided at Jonker Street in relation to culture tourism elements What product is provided at Jonker Street in terms of cultural attraction? What are the demographics of tourists in Jonker Street? What is their interest to visit Jonker Street? To study the authenticity of cultural products at Jonker Street from the perspective of stakeholders What is the perception of stakeholders towards authenticity in Jonker Street? Significance of study Jonker Street is among the famous tourist attraction in Malacca. The authorities have to ensure that Jonker Street has its unique selling point that would be able to attract tourists revisiting the place again. Tourist influx to the street has generated income for some of the residents at the area by selling souvenirs, clothes, food and so on. However, it is noted through observation that products sold at Jonker Street, especially souvenirs are mostly imported goods from other countries and does not symbolize or reflect cultures of Jonker Street. Hence, this research is to study the authenticity of cultural products at Jonker Street. Authenticity is related with cultural tourism as authenticity in tourism context means the desired experience a tourist gets associated with visits to tourism destinations; the result of encountering a culture different than of the tourist (Smith, 1989) which is similar to the objective of cultural tourism that is for the tourist to learn and experience the culture of other nations. This study will be significant to the tourism promotion boards of Malacca as it tries to understand the attractions at Jonker Street, characteristics of tourists and stakeholders perceptions. Perceptions of stakeholders determine whether Jonker Street is able to provide the authentic experience that tourists seek in a cultural tourism destination. This in turn helps tourism planners of Malacca to further enhance cultural tourism in its state, whilst maintaining the culture of Malacca people. 1.8 Scope and limitation of study This study is limited to stakeholders related to Jonker Street, Malacca only. It is focused on stakeholders perception of authenticity of cultural product at Jonker Street, Malacca. The dependent variable of this study is perception of stakeholders while the independent variables are products provided at Jonker Street and characteristic and profile of tourist. This study will use authenticity as a measure to view stakeholders perception on Jonker Street. This will show whether Jonker Street is perceived as a cultural attraction or vice versa. The unavailability of secondary data of tourist arrivals at Jonker Street and time restrain has also caused limitations to this study. Definition of terms The following definitions of terms are used for this study: Authenticity Authenticity comes from the word authentic. In general, authentic means genuine, realness and purity. Authenticity in the leisure context means the real or genuine experience a tourist gets during their travel to places with cultures different than their own (Hillman, n.d.). Objective authenticity is an experience whereby tourists are able to understand the culture of other society at a tourist destination (Hillman, n.d.). Cultural tourism Culture includes a broad spectrum of beliefs, a set of practices that acts as a general guiding principle. According to Bonink and Richards (1992), cultural tourism is defined as travelling to specific cultural destinations such as heritage sites, artistic and cultural attractions, arts and drama at places outside of their usual environment (as cited in (Ding, 2009)) Cultural Products Cultural products reflect a cultures characteristic. As said by Ivanovic (2008), the cultural attraction itself is known as the cultural tourism product. The author has noted that when intrinsic cultural value is found at a cultural attraction, it gives the place potential to be developed as a cultural tourism product. Furthermore, the development of accommodation, infrastructure, services and facilities at that cultural attraction, will be an added value to the product. Hence, the intrinsic value of culture along with added value has formed the destinations cultural resources into cultural tourism products. For example, when a tourist visits a destination, they are actually using the total cultural product, which are, accommodation, food, weather, transportation, hospitality and attitude of hosts (Ivanovic, 2008). Cultural products could be categorized into two groups which are tangible and intangible. Tangible products are things that are presented in a material form while intangib le products are that societies believe it exists but could not be seen. Examples of tangible products are toys, musical instruments, dresses, types of residence, food, sports equipment, literature and artwork; while intangible products are such as dance, music, language and literary styles (Lawrence, 1999). Methodology Research Objective Literature Review Culture The concept of Cultural tourism The concept of Authenticity Pilot study Data Collection Structured Interview Data Analysis Data gathering key in Data Selection Formulation Content Analysis Summary of findings Final Report Background Study Malacca, voice from the street (Lim Fernando, 2006) The making of Jonker Walk (Ong Ong, 2004) Research Problem Scope of Research Jonker Street, Malacca Product mix Characteristic and profile of tourist Preparation of Interview The research approach for this study will be based on observation, literature review and interview. Selection of respondents will be chosen through purposive sampling. The survey will be conducted at Jonker Street, Malacca on weekends to collect data from domestic and international tourists and entrepreneurs as well as to conduct structured interview on weekdays with other stakeholders such as government and Jonker Walk Committee. Data collected through this survey will be analysed through content analysis. The purpose of the data analysis is to discover the interest for tourist to visit Jonker Street, the products provided at Jonker Street regarding to culture tourism and to understand the perception of stakeholders towards authenticity of cultural products at Jonker Street. 1.11 Research Organisation Chapter 1 Chapter 1 is an introduction to the background of research, research problem, research objective, research question, scope and limitations of study, definition of terms, research procedure and research organization Chapter 2 Chapter 2 will discuss about theoretical framework to explain regarding culture tourism, culture products, authenticity, and relations of cultural products to authenticity. This will explain about the effects of authenticity of cultural products to tourists. Chapter 3 Chapter 3 highlights the methodology of research which will be used in this study. The perspective of stakeholders towards authenticity of cultural products at Jonker Street will be collected through structured interview. Chapter 4 Chapter 4 explains on the authenticity of cultural products from the perspective from stakeholders of Jonker Street, Malacca. Chapter 5 Chapter 5 gives conclusion on the study by analyzing findings on the perspectives of stakeholders chosen and make suggestions to the relevant authorities of Malacca. Chapter 6 Chapter 6 states the limitations of study, conclusion and presents information on possible extensions on future research.

The Scarlet Letter :: essays research papers

Symbolism is the practice of representing things by symbols. The Scarlet Letter, by Nathaniel Hawthorne, is a book of much symbolism. Set in 16th century New England, the book starts with the public punishment of Hester Prynne, a convicted adulterer. One of the most complex and misunderstood symbols in the book is Hester’s illegitimate daughter, Pearl. Throughout the story, she develops into a dynamic symbol - one that is always changing. Pearl represents her mother’s punishment, a rose, and the scarlet letter. In The Scarlet Letter, the Puritans forced Hester to wear a scarlet letter â€Å"A† across for her chest, for the crime of adultery. The punishment continued as Hester was treated as outcast and mocked by the town. â€Å"Tomorrow would bring its own trial with it; so would the next day, so would the next,† the narrator explained. On the other hand, God’s treatment of Hester for her sin was quite different than just a physical token: he gave Hester a very unique child which she named Pearl. The child was a constant mental and physical reminder to Hester of what she had done wrong and how she could not escape it. In this aspect, Pearl symbolized God’s way of punishing Hester for adultery. â€Å"She named the infant Pearl as of being of great price-purchased with all her mother had,† the narrator says. Pearl grew to be a very passionate and lively young girl. She becomes a contradicting factor in her mother’s life. To her mother, Pearl symbolized the rosebush outside of the jail, because at some times she could be bright and vibrant. However at other times, she could be wilting. It was at these times when she was â€Å"wilting† that brought Hester the most grief. One final way in which Pearl symbolized something in the novel was her association with the scarlet letter. Hester began to think of the letter and her daughter as both â€Å"the object of her affection and the emblem of her guilt and torture.† Hester clothed the child in bright crimson dressed. That, combined with a vivid complexion, gave Pearl the appearance of the scarlet letter. The townspeople began to notice the similarities, also.

Windows Bernice Morgan

In 1882, Dr Gayral diagnosed that Therese â€Å"reacts to an emotional frustration with a neurotic attack. â€Å"[16] An alarmed, but cloistered, Pauline began to write letters to Therese and attempted various strategies to intervene. Eventually Therese recovered after she had turned to gaze at the statue of the Virgin Mary placed in Marie's room, where Therese had been moved. [17] She reported on May 13, 1883 that she had seen the Virgin smile at her. [18][19] She wrote: â€Å"Our Blessed Lady has come to me, she has smiled upon me.How happy I am. â€Å"[20] However, when Therese told the Carmelite nuns about this vision at the request of her eldest sister Marie, she found herself assailed by their questions and she lost confidence. Self-doubt made her begin to question what had happened. â€Å"I thought I had lied – I was unable to look upon myself without a feeling of profound horror. â€Å"[21] â€Å"For a long time after my cure,I thought that my sickness was delib erate and this was a real martyrdom for my soul. [22] Her concerns over this continued until November 1887. During her illness, Therese occupied the room with the statue of Our Lady, and it stood beside her bed. When her pains were less serious, she would often look at the statue and pray that Heaven would send her a cure. On Sunday May 13, 1883, Theresa became so ill that she did not recognize her sisters. Marie felt sure that little Theresa was dying, and throwing herself on her knees before their beloved statue of Our Lady, she begged Our Lady to cure Theresa.Leonie and Celine joined in with their prayers, as well, begging the Blessed Virgin Mary to have pity on their poor, sick, little sister. Suddenly the statue seemed to come alive—and Our Lady appeared to little Theresa. Our Lady's face glowed with a glorious beauty, but it was her wonderful smile, which filled the girl with joy. Our Lady's smile was like a warm ray of sunshine. Two large tears of joy rolled down There sa's cheeks, and she thought, â€Å"Ah! The Blessed Virgin smiled at me, how happy I am. â€Å"During this time, Marie saw her sister Theresa, as in an ecstasy of love, and she was not looking at the statue, but at the Blessed Virgin Mary herself! The vision seemed to last about four or five minutes and during this time, little Theresa was cured; all her pains and weariness had disappeared. Later, when Marie was alone with Theresa, she asked her why she had just shed some tears. Theresa didn't want to tell her secret, but when she saw that Marie had guessed that Our Lady had appeared to her, she said, â€Å"I cried because Our Lady had disappeared. â€Å"

Functions of Advertising

Functions of Advertising Free Online Research Papers There are Many Functions of Advertising Marketing It tries to help companies produce larger sales, less supply, and a possibility to introducen new products etc. It helps stores with faster turnover of old goods and it enables the use of media as an important source of funds for a normal business and contributes to their informaty. It enables a more qualitative choice between products to consumers. And it also helps society in general because it promotes economic development, encourages competition in quality and so adjustes it to be equal on an international market. Article 2: LEGALITY Advertising must not contain anything thats in contrary with law and must not leave out anything that law requires. Article 3: RESPECTABILITY Advertising must not contain anything that insults public in terms of dominant respectability rules. It must also not be in contrary with self-evident equality between genres or show a man, a woman or a child in an offensive way. Nudity and sexual implication that schok public or draw attention as well as pointless connection with the product is not acceptable. When nudity and sexual implication are connected with the message, it should not offense good taste. Article 4: HONESTY Advertising must not be so framed as to abuse the consumers trust, exploit their lack of experience or knowledge and to manipulate them. Article 5: REALITY Technical descriptions, claims and comparisons which are published in advertisements must be proven. If there comes to unusual claims that are not generaly known, advertisers and advertising agencies must take all responsibility for it if media requests that. Messages must not contain claims or visual images taht direcly or indirectly mislead the consumer about the purpose of the product or about the avertiser. Lies or exaggerations which try to amuse or draw attention are allowed only if this purpose is clear and not if its a fact that must be accepted as one. Research Papers on Functions of AdvertisingMoral and Ethical Issues in Hiring New EmployeesAnalysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenDefinition of Export QuotasBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfOpen Architechture a white paperGenetic Engineering

Free Essays on Indian Concert

â€Å"The Heartthrobs† I love listening to music but, I don’t really know how to make music since, I don’t know how to play any type of musical instrument. Most of all, I love concerts because of the live musical performances and a chance to experience music in general. I have been to a couple of concerts in my life but, there was one that has been the best experience thus far and that was the most recent. â€Å"The Heartthrobs† is not a music group but, it is a name given to different kinds of musicians and instrument players from India. The names of these musicians are as follows: Hrithik Roshan, Kareina Kapoor, Karishma Kapoor, Arjun Rampal, Rajeshwari, and Aftab Shivdasani. These Indian celebrities take a performance tour every year to many countries such as United States, Canada, United Kingdom, and Australia. â€Å"The Heartthrobs† perform in almost every state in the United States if someone is willing to sponsor them and accommodate them well. This year on September 1 st they performed in the auditorium of Pike High School because one of the people in Pike Township was willing to sponsor them. My classmate Kashyap Patel and I took the initiative to go to this concert because both of us are fond of these celebrities and their music. I had a feeling, many people were going to come but, the crowd was immensely bigger than I had expected it to be. I felt as if I had extremely underestimated the popularity of these celebrities overseas. It was really crowded and really a hassle to get inside the auditorium. However, all in but all was worth the concert because the concert itself was marvelous and it was one of the most exhilarating things that I had done in my life. The musical performance was jaw dropping. Of course, I had heard all the songs before but there were two songs I hadn’t heard. I can listed to the songs of a compact disc but, anyone who has experienced live music at a concert will be able to tell you the ex... Free Essays on Indian Concert Free Essays on Indian Concert â€Å"The Heartthrobs† I love listening to music but, I don’t really know how to make music since, I don’t know how to play any type of musical instrument. Most of all, I love concerts because of the live musical performances and a chance to experience music in general. I have been to a couple of concerts in my life but, there was one that has been the best experience thus far and that was the most recent. â€Å"The Heartthrobs† is not a music group but, it is a name given to different kinds of musicians and instrument players from India. The names of these musicians are as follows: Hrithik Roshan, Kareina Kapoor, Karishma Kapoor, Arjun Rampal, Rajeshwari, and Aftab Shivdasani. These Indian celebrities take a performance tour every year to many countries such as United States, Canada, United Kingdom, and Australia. â€Å"The Heartthrobs† perform in almost every state in the United States if someone is willing to sponsor them and accommodate them well. This year on September 1 st they performed in the auditorium of Pike High School because one of the people in Pike Township was willing to sponsor them. My classmate Kashyap Patel and I took the initiative to go to this concert because both of us are fond of these celebrities and their music. I had a feeling, many people were going to come but, the crowd was immensely bigger than I had expected it to be. I felt as if I had extremely underestimated the popularity of these celebrities overseas. It was really crowded and really a hassle to get inside the auditorium. However, all in but all was worth the concert because the concert itself was marvelous and it was one of the most exhilarating things that I had done in my life. The musical performance was jaw dropping. Of course, I had heard all the songs before but there were two songs I hadn’t heard. I can listed to the songs of a compact disc but, anyone who has experienced live music at a concert will be able to tell you the ex...

Free Essays on Milton Friedman

Milton Friedman was born in New York City in 1912. His parents were poor immigrants, which means he did not have a family history of wealth or knowledge of economics. Friedman’s father died when Friedman was only fifteen years old. Friedman received a Bachelor of Arts degree from Rutgers University in 1932, a masters from the University of Chicago in 1933 (Friedmans). He also received a Ph.D. in 1946 from Columbia University. He taught at this same university from 1946 to 1976. He was also a member of the research staff of the National Bureau of Economic Research from 1937 to 1981. Friedman received the Nobel Memorial Prize for economic science in 1976 and has been a senior researcher at the Hoover Institution since 1977. He was awarded both the Presidential Medal of Freedom and the National Medal of Science in 1988. He was an informal economic advisor to President Nixon and a member of President Ronald Reagan’s Economic Policy Advisory Board (Milton Friedman). Friedman believes America could be much better off if we were to legalize drugs. He thinks we would have half the amount of prisons and prisoners, and that there would be about 10,000 fewer homicides a year. He states that the same kind of the things that went on with alcohol under prohibition are the same kinds of things that go on today with drugs, things like overdosing and poisoning from mixing different substances. He believes since drugs are illegal, it drives people to do harder drugs like crack, cocaine, or heroin, instead of marijuana. Since marijuana is more bulky and heavy, it is easier to intercept. Crack, cocaine, and heroin are not as heavy and bulky and make it easier to transport without being caught. Friedman believes that if drugs were to be legalized, crack addicted mothers that do not have prenatal treatment, would go to prenatal care were because they would not be afraid of incriminating themselves. He thinks this will reduce the amount ... Free Essays on Milton Friedman Free Essays on Milton Friedman Milton Friedman was born in New York City in 1912. His parents were poor immigrants, which means he did not have a family history of wealth or knowledge of economics. Friedman’s father died when Friedman was only fifteen years old. Friedman received a Bachelor of Arts degree from Rutgers University in 1932, a masters from the University of Chicago in 1933 (Friedmans). He also received a Ph.D. in 1946 from Columbia University. He taught at this same university from 1946 to 1976. He was also a member of the research staff of the National Bureau of Economic Research from 1937 to 1981. Friedman received the Nobel Memorial Prize for economic science in 1976 and has been a senior researcher at the Hoover Institution since 1977. He was awarded both the Presidential Medal of Freedom and the National Medal of Science in 1988. He was an informal economic advisor to President Nixon and a member of President Ronald Reagan’s Economic Policy Advisory Board (Milton Friedman). Friedman believes America could be much better off if we were to legalize drugs. He thinks we would have half the amount of prisons and prisoners, and that there would be about 10,000 fewer homicides a year. He states that the same kind of the things that went on with alcohol under prohibition are the same kinds of things that go on today with drugs, things like overdosing and poisoning from mixing different substances. He believes since drugs are illegal, it drives people to do harder drugs like crack, cocaine, or heroin, instead of marijuana. Since marijuana is more bulky and heavy, it is easier to intercept. Crack, cocaine, and heroin are not as heavy and bulky and make it easier to transport without being caught. Friedman believes that if drugs were to be legalized, crack addicted mothers that do not have prenatal treatment, would go to prenatal care were because they would not be afraid of incriminating themselves. He thinks this will reduce the amount ... Free Essays on Milton Friedman Milton Friedman’s Economic Thoughts One of the most distinguished and influential economist today is Milton Friedman. He was born in Brooklyn, New York, on July 31, 1912. After attending public elementary and secondary schools he graduated from Rahway High School in 1928. Shortly after he received a scholarship to Rutgers University, which is where he received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1932 (â€Å"Autobiography ...†). Then Friedman received his PhD from Columbia right before becoming a professor of ecomonics at Chicago in 1946. Through all this he has written a numerous amount of books that express his economic views and has outstanding accomplishments to look back on. One of his most profound accomplishments was receiving a Nobel Prize in economics in 1776 (â€Å"Autobiography ...†). In 1962 the book Capitalism and Freedom was published, his wife, Rose reworked a series of lectures he gave at seminars throughout the 1950’s to make up this book. The publishing of this book was an extension of his liberal economic views. It shows a government that allows individual rights while maintaining order, and that the only way this can be accomplished is through capitalism and a free market economy (Capitalism and Freedom). Friedman writes that the major function of the government is to protect the people and their freedom from enemies and that he strongly believes in a limited government. With this he agreed with the seperation of powers among the three different branches and that yes we needed a government but there where many things the government had business doing (Capitalism and Freedom). A hands-off approach to government interference in the private market shows that he is a traditional laissez-faire liberalism. His belief in a limited government is supported by his desires to restrict the government from the lives’ of individuals, and are the concept of early liberalism found in the late eightee...

Tax Return Position Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Tax Return Position Paper - Essay Example Question One Issued by the government’s administrative, judicial and legislative branches through the Internal Revenue Service (IRS), the Treasury Department and Congress, primary tax law sources bear more statutory authority than the secondary sources. The most significant primary sources include the Internal Revenue Code, public laws and income tax treaties (Lederman & Mazza, 2009). Then there are treasury regulations; revenue procedures; revenue rulings; announcements and notices published by the IRS; legislative history; and legal judgment on tax affairs. Treasury regulations usually remain in the form of proposed, temporary or non-codified tax statutes, until they are certified as final or reliance regulations. The IRS also supplements such sources by making actions and decisions, audit technique guides and the internal revenue manual accessible by the public (Ellen, 2012). Developed by the IRS, these initiatives support the fundamental Internal Revenue Code through taxpa yer assistance services such as the Frequently Asked Questions feature, forms on federal tax instructions and IRS publications. References made to decisions arrived at by tax courts are also considerably detailed sources that bear interpretations specific to taxpayers. Question Two Though not of equal statutory weight as the primary sources, secondary sources of tax law bear their own significance in the way they offer a comprehensive starting point to research. They are usually in the form of publications, books and articles written by tax professionals, scholars and legal analysts (Lederman & Mazza, 2009). These sources mainly occur as newsletter, textbooks, articles appearing in legal periodicals, treatises and reports on tax law published by institutions that offer commercial services in tax research. These secondary sources mainly find, scrutinize, clarify and interpret what the primary sources have provided. Question Three Substantial authority entails the recognized standards frequently used for the defense of a tax preparer in the possible event of negligence and understatement. As per the provisions of IRC 1.6694-2, a tax preparer is required to support such tax positions as prepared with the sources he used (Don, 2008). The sources are evaluated basing on their authority, where the primary sources bear the most authority. If the tax preparer is found to have relied on and used substantial authority in arriving at the position presented for the returns, a possible penalty is waived. The intended objective of substantial authority is to determine that most primary sources of tax law support the preparer’s position. The constituents of substantive authority include the Internal Revenue Code, statutory provisions, tax treaties, committee reports, and the Treasury Department’s official position on treaties. Question Four The IRS, which operates under the Treasury Department as an administrative body, has the key role of processing tax return s and examining them for deficiencies. It also issues Revenue Rulings, Notices and Revenue Procedures, which are administrative decisions explaining specific taxpayer issues or the precise manner in which items must be treated. The IRS also the mandate to alter rulings or regulations and, in such a case, courts hearing future cases will encounter new questions. On the

Understanding of the Chinese traditional value Essay

Understanding of the Chinese traditional value - Essay Example Here, Rationale means to act based on objective truths and laws. Propriety implies suitability or appropriateness. The Chinese traditional value of harmony calls for â€Å"harmony but not uniformity.† coordinating dissimilar things to achieve an appropriate combination and thus move â€Å"from uncoordinated situation to one of coordination; from asymmetry to symmetry; and from imbalance to balance.† (Pan, pg 54) The contemporary Chinese society has put up a strong fight to ensure the maintenance of harmony between individuals and society; between nature and human beings; between communities; and between the mind and the body. This work details the Chinese traditional values with regard to parenting and goes further to compare these values with those forming the western culture. Talking about Chinese parenting, one will not miss to mention words such as strict, controlling and authoritarian. This is well established, especially, when we consider the example given by Amy Chua, a professor in law, who in the recent years candidly opened up her story of how she raised her daughters as a "Tiger Mother." A study by psychologists that sought to establish why Chinese parents were so much controlling found a strong attachment of the parent’s authoritarianism to their traditional values, particularly the one relating to obedience. Parents believe have been found to strongly influence the parenting style preferred not only in china but also in other parts of the world. Comparison between the Chinese parenting values and those of western countries, gives a wide divergence. Such is the case that these values differ not only with regard to family customs, but also the goals set for the children. Having said that lets now consider some of the values as it relates to the two worlds. Parenting style refers to a general scheme that describes how much response and control a parent directs towards his/her children. A study

Organ donation ( think of something intresting for the title) Essay

Organ donation ( think of something intresting for the title) - Essay Example In contrast, the proposed presumed-consent system presumes that an individual is willing to donate unless they opt-out by withdrawing their sanction (Brezina, pg 48). To deal with rising organ shortage, champions of presumed consent argue that it will lead to a substantial rise in number of would-be donors since it will be a suggestion of automatic donation to those who have not conveyed requests to the contrary. They also point out that the burden of determining whether to donate bestowed on relatives in traumatic period will be lifted. Its proponents have also pointed out that presumed consent preserves the spirit of selflessness among Americans. Besides implying that some European countries like Sweden and Spain are a success story in using this model, they point out that presumed consent augments the right of an indivigual to choose what occurs to them after death (Brezina, pg 52). Proponents of this model have faced an equal measure of criticism. While this model hypothetically preserves individual’s independence, it is still coercive. It therefore follows that it is an individual’s responsibility to ensure that the government does not obtain their organs upon death. As this model may increase the number deceased donors since many people will avoid deciding on a matter that can be traumatic and challenging to contemplate, it may be regarded by some people as an affront to individual’s civil liberties. This can lead to a hostile response against organ donation (Brezina, pg 50). This model can also be perceived as being religiously or culturally indifferent. Under presumed consent, the deceased are presumed to be organ donors lest they specify otherwise. Therefore such donations will be deemed ethically appropriate if established that an individual were conscious of the presumption and that the mechanisms for honoring and documenting refusals are effective and certainly available. Critics of presumed consent further point

Rights given to prison inmates Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Rights given to prison inmates - Essay Example Also, prisoners cannot be discriminated against on the basis of their religion, national origin or sex . In addition, they have the right to pursue legal action if they feel prison administrators’ causes them harm and also to fair treatment whilst awaiting trial (Cornell University Law School). Also, prisoners have a right to be prosecuted for their crimes in a timely manner. Prisoners also have the right to free religion and speech but with some limitations in prison (Cornell University Law School). It must be noted that the courts generally tend to side with prison officials or administrators when going over issues prisoners’ rights in prison. There is no strict scrutiny on whether the prisoner’s living standards are as should be, rather a broader look at whether any constitutional rights are not being met (Cornell University Law School). To conclude, prisoners are afforded some basic rights while incarcerated. The rights given have gotten substantially better over the years. One right that should possibly be given to prisoners is some privacy as this is non-existent in prisons. Prison administrators do not face a much regulation in dealing with prisoners which needs regulated to promote protection of rights. References Cornell University Law School.

Movie review-Why We Fight Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Movie review-Why We Fight - Essay Example of government must guard against the acquisition of influences that are unwarranted, whether asked or not asked by the industrial complex of the military. The capability of the disastrous rise of power that is misplaced exists and will always be there. The movie ‘Why We Fight’ is directed by Eugene Jarecki. It is a documentary movie of 2005 and it is about the military-industrial complex. The movie’s title refers to the World War II era that was commissioned by the U.S. Government so as to justify why they entered the war which was against the Axis Powers. In the movie, Eugene looks as to the reason why young people of America are sent to war. The movie also conveys the message that there is a change in portrayal of American war interference since World War II. It shows that America currently engages in good wars unlike in the past where there was military adventurism. It is in the interest of America’s self-serving corporate that there are more operations of wars. Being occupied with technologies of the military and actions are common American psyche features but the film focuses on anti-war efforts (Rollins, et al. 53). The movie follows a father who is still grieving after four years after the death of his son in New York on 9/11/2001. To any caring parent, a son’s death is normally an impactful and anger is a reaction that’s understandable. In the movie, the story line revolves around the father’s anger that shifts from those seen responsible for the attacks to those in high political offices who are responsible of manipulating the initial anger in support of war. The sentiments of the father later becomes far more noble. Being aware of the agony of losing a son, he can never wish it to an innocent person no matter how they are divided by the culture, geography or class. As mentioned in the movie, the attacks on 9/11/2001 were largely part a response to initial U.S. aggression to the Muslim-dominated Middle East and the Third World as a whole.

You are a health psychologist working in a smoking cessation Essay

You are a health psychologist working in a smoking cessation programme. You are asked to design a research project to promote non-smoking in a group of smokers - Essay Example ished by the National Statistics Online (UK, 2008) it is revealed that ‘in 2006, 68 per cent of smokers who were asked said they wanted to give up; nine in ten mentioned at least one health related reason for doing so’. In accordance with the above, the expansion of smoking as a common daily activity for millions of people cannot be doubted. In fact, smoking has been closely related with all aspects of daily life. For this reason, in the above survey it has been found that ‘in 2006, 59 per cent of smokers felt that it would be difficult to go without smoking for a whole day’ (National Statistics Online, UK, 2008). Although the above statistics refer to Britain, it has to be noticed that smoking is not related with a particular country. In a similar survey conducted in USA it was revealed that in the specific country ‘an estimated  25.9 million men (23.9 percent) and  20.7 million women (18.1 percent) are smokers’ (National Health Interview S urvey (NHIS),  2005, National Center for Health Statistics, in American Health Association, 2008). It is clear from the above statistics that smoking is a severe problem the expansion of which cannot be easily controlled. The specific problem has a series of consequences that are not limited to the damages of health but they can also take the form of the financial damage the person involved (cost of cigarettes – cost of treatment for diseases developed because of smoking). For the countries around the world, smoking has been proved to be a severe problem leading to a continuous increase of the cases handled by the hospitals and other medical treatment providers internationally. As an example, for England the cost of medical treatment provided to smokers has been proved to be extremely high. In a relevant survey it has been found that ‘in England, 364,000 patients are admitted to NHS hospitals each year due to diseases caused by smoking; this translates into 7,000 hosp ital admissions per week, or 1,000 day; for

Rights given to prison inmates Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Rights given to prison inmates - Essay Example Also, prisoners cannot be discriminated against on the basis of their religion, national origin or sex . In addition, they have the right to pursue legal action if they feel prison administrators’ causes them harm and also to fair treatment whilst awaiting trial (Cornell University Law School). Also, prisoners have a right to be prosecuted for their crimes in a timely manner. Prisoners also have the right to free religion and speech but with some limitations in prison (Cornell University Law School). It must be noted that the courts generally tend to side with prison officials or administrators when going over issues prisoners’ rights in prison. There is no strict scrutiny on whether the prisoner’s living standards are as should be, rather a broader look at whether any constitutional rights are not being met (Cornell University Law School). To conclude, prisoners are afforded some basic rights while incarcerated. The rights given have gotten substantially better over the years. One right that should possibly be given to prisoners is some privacy as this is non-existent in prisons. Prison administrators do not face a much regulation in dealing with prisoners which needs regulated to promote protection of rights. References Cornell University Law School.

You are a health psychologist working in a smoking cessation Essay

You are a health psychologist working in a smoking cessation programme. You are asked to design a research project to promote non-smoking in a group of smokers - Essay Example ished by the National Statistics Online (UK, 2008) it is revealed that ‘in 2006, 68 per cent of smokers who were asked said they wanted to give up; nine in ten mentioned at least one health related reason for doing so’. In accordance with the above, the expansion of smoking as a common daily activity for millions of people cannot be doubted. In fact, smoking has been closely related with all aspects of daily life. For this reason, in the above survey it has been found that ‘in 2006, 59 per cent of smokers felt that it would be difficult to go without smoking for a whole day’ (National Statistics Online, UK, 2008). Although the above statistics refer to Britain, it has to be noticed that smoking is not related with a particular country. In a similar survey conducted in USA it was revealed that in the specific country ‘an estimated  25.9 million men (23.9 percent) and  20.7 million women (18.1 percent) are smokers’ (National Health Interview S urvey (NHIS),  2005, National Center for Health Statistics, in American Health Association, 2008). It is clear from the above statistics that smoking is a severe problem the expansion of which cannot be easily controlled. The specific problem has a series of consequences that are not limited to the damages of health but they can also take the form of the financial damage the person involved (cost of cigarettes – cost of treatment for diseases developed because of smoking). For the countries around the world, smoking has been proved to be a severe problem leading to a continuous increase of the cases handled by the hospitals and other medical treatment providers internationally. As an example, for England the cost of medical treatment provided to smokers has been proved to be extremely high. In a relevant survey it has been found that ‘in England, 364,000 patients are admitted to NHS hospitals each year due to diseases caused by smoking; this translates into 7,000 hosp ital admissions per week, or 1,000 day; for

Iberia Airlines Essay Example for Free

Iberia Airlines Essay i. whom does it serve? In 1944, the civil Aviation Conference was held in Chacigo, where fifty two states siged an International Convention that established the basic principles for the functioning of the air market: each country could negotiate bilateral agreements with other countries in order to regulate the market conditions that would govern air traffic. Before the 1980’s, the planning system used was basically â€Å" point to point†, that is to say, direct flights from one city of origin to another of destination. Instead of planning simple routes, they planned routes from and to the hub airports that came from or were going to other cities. In 1959, ii. What value does it deliver? They used medium and low capacity aircraft on low density routes. Generally they only made domestic flights and rarely international ones. They competed with flag carriers and also with low cost carriers, which had caused a decline in their per passenger income. For that reason, some regional companies decided to go into partnership with flag carriers which results to also low cost carriers. iii. Why does it matter? It matters with the 1.9 billion passengers carried safely by the airline, because of the low cost but efficient carrier. The strategic master plan II 2000-2013, established customer service as one of its priority objectives which in fact result with the passenger’s satisfaction that would be converted to profit. iv. What is its ambition? Its ambition is to suffice the need of its passengers while giving low cost in a way that their service will be still in the international level and not only for domestic purposes with the intention to give a safe and worth it flights. 2. How does the firm create and capture value? i. What is its difference? Its difference is that it gives low cost flights which gives the customers the right satisfaction. They managed flights â€Å"point-to-point†, both scheduled and short haul. They used to regional airports that were cheaper and less crowded than the main airports. Nevertheless, some low-cost carriers such as easyJet and Vueling also used main airports. They had homogenous fleets that facilitated crew information and saved on maintenance costs. They offered one class only with high density seating and no in-flight service. They made sales directly by telephone and internet without issuing tickets. They offered unnumbered seats on the aircraft so as to speed-up the boarding process. They subcontracted many activities such as ground assistance or maintenance. They employees were not union members, and in many cases they contracted for several tasks. Iberia enabled Iberia to ramp up its security without having to take on additional staff. The automatic detections made by Vi-System have resulted in more effective surveillance, managed centrally from the security team’s headquarters, without the need for regular patrols around the large site. ii. How does it deliver its value proposition? Our research indicates that most companies, when asked to construct a customer value proposition, simply list all the benefits they believe that their offering might deliver to target customers. Therefore, the benefits of Iberia are as follows: 1. Non expensive flights 2. Safe flights What makes its strategy superior? Its strategy is superior because they know how to choose their trusted customers. Customers which aims for a low prices offered by the airlines, they made their schedules convenient and frequent, made a good edge by making good previous experience and definitely a direct flight. iii. How does it evolve? It has established partnerships with other flag carriers. Iberia became a partner of European regional airlines although still having independent capitals but it they achieved better service and obtained positive results 8. Describe the here and now condition of the firm as given by your case material PEST Political factors: -Government regulations regarding the safety of the people -Economic policies of government regarding the airline industry, these may include licenses, inspection by the duly authorities that is airline companies follow. Economic factors: Interest rate would impact the cost of capital, the rate of interest being directly proportionate to the to the cost of capital Economic trends act as an indicator of the sustenance and profitability of your business in the chosen region and help you in deciding your marketing strategy. Rate of inflation determines the rate of remuneration of employees and directly affects the price of the restaurant’s products. Again, the proportion between the inflation rate and wages/prices is direct Social Factors: -Certain cultures, like 1st world countries would not choose to go to the Iberia airline just to save money, they would choose airlines which gives better customer satisfaction. Technological Factor: The technology of the Iberia Airlines is very efficient because when the internet was used, the Iberia Airlines quickly took the idea of selling tickets in the internet. Porters 5 forces It is known for a fact the Iberia Airlines is not the first airlines, but it is said by porter that when there’s a new one, there will always be an old one. Its idea of selling tickets cheaper compared to other companies is a stepping stone. The advantage of this airline is that it has cheaper flights compared to other airlines but same service. Its technology is sufficient and ready for competition. In its early age, it is a fact that there were already 1.9 billion customers and a basis to have a reason of better achievement compared to other rivals. The Mckinsey 7S Strategy: to build partnerships among other airlines but still having independent capital to have independent profit Structure: Everyone reports to the CEO, Rafael Sanchez- Luzano Turmo who decides whether the proposals are to be accepted Systems: Iberia Airlines became more established in the world of air travel and began commercial connections six days a week between Madrid and Barcelona. Shared Values: Its goal is to dominate the airline industry Style: Its style is selling cheaper flights but efficient service. Staff: The Iberia airlines provides ground staffs and cabin crew with iPads to improve customer service Skills: Its main objective is to give services to customers who wants a point to point flights (domestic flights) but it is currently serving international flights SWOT: Strength- Low cost price but efficient service Weakness- Too many international airlines. The train industries are also being their rival companies in term of short term travels Opportunities- well known internationally by giving efficient service Threat- insufficient capital, companies that are well known giving services faster and easier in terms of international flights 9. Formulate the vision and mission statement As we move towards our goal of being a world-class airline, we will continue to give extra-ordinary services to attain customer needs. We intend to provide our customers with a efficient though low cost pricing flights and will surely give memorable experience in the flight. Mission statement Our mission is to run a profitable business by providing high-end international airline. To provide quality and efficient service to the customers, we will maintain the low-cost prices of our services. references: http://www.buzzle.com/articles/pest-analysis-example.html http://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newTMC_05.htm http://hbr.org/2006/03/customer-value-propositions-in-business-markets/ar/1 http://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newSTR_91.htm http://www.airlinetrends.com/2012/07/23/iberiacabin-crew-ipad/

Fitness Business Analysis

Fitness Business Analysis INTRODUCTION The aim of the report is to analyse the position of Fitness Express, a business consisting fourteen fitness clubs and recommend Steve Taylor and Dave Courteen on how they can improve the business over the next five years. To achieve this, an analysis of both the external and internal environment of the business will be considered. A study of the external environment will be done with the help of the Porters five forces analysis followed by a life cycle study leading to a PESTEL analysis. This will be followed by a SWOT analysis to study the internal environment of the business. Thus by analyzing the external influences and the strengths and weaknesses of the business, a conclusion will be drawn on the development options of the business. NATURE OF THE BUSINESS Position to date: Fitness Express was founded by Dave Courteen and Steve Taylor in 1987. The business constituted 14 fitness clubs as of January 2000. By then over 190 staff were employed. The partnership of Dave and Steve had matured into a highly professional business in the last 13 years providing first class systems for the customers. Mission: The mission of Fitness Express was to bring excellence, a passion for health fitness, and professionalism to the fitness industry. A fitness club is where the customers come to feel good, have fun and keep fit at the same time. Fitness Express ran on this philosophy. Short Term Objective: The business was projected to turnover in excess of  £2million that year. Long Term Objective: They intended to develop a winning service formula and to create first class systems and routines to bear their offering. Key personnel: The business was run by Dave Courteen and his partner Steve Taylor. They had employed over 190 staff. STRATEGY Fitness Express was born in June 1987. From the beginning it was evident that the skills of the partners complemented each other. Dave was the negotiator and Steve was the man-manager. Dave enjoyed building the business; Steve was good at the operational side. Staff were hired on the basis of their personality rather than on their fitness. Dave and Steve paid great attention to the personal development and training their staff. The policy of Fitness Express was EXCELLENT CUSTOMER SERVICE, which required friendly and approachable staff. Gym users were frequently spoken to. In order to maintain a friendly environment they greeted their customers by their first names. The partners also realized that there was enthusiasm amongst the under-represented part of the population who were over 40s and 50s de-conditioned segment. This saw them place an emphasis on developing the club as a place to come and socialise. Four years into the business, Dave and Steve realized that they should expand their business. As they had no funds to build new health centres in different venues, they began to offer consulting services to independent hoteliers like Best Western Hotels. They also had an opportunity to work with Thomas Cook on their  £4milloin staff leisure facility which secured them the contract to run Legal and Generals facility in Tadworth, Surrey. DEVELOPMENT OPTIONS 1. Deal with Swallow: The Swallow Hotel Group approached Fitness Express to merge in a joint venture. In that case 50% of the shares would be acquired by Swallow. All the leisure centres would be run by Fitness Express. The hotel will continue to employ their own staff. They will be supported by a Fitness Express Team. 2. To expand through acquisition: Following 12 successful years, Fitness Express was cash rich with over  £300,000 sitting in the bank to use in acquisitions. So another option was to expand through acquisition. There was existing a similar contract management company as Fitness Express but far less profitable per club. Integrating them into Fitness Express and expand their business seemed to an alternative. 3. Organic growth: Organic growth can also be considered as an option. Fitness Express was running a tight ship and there was limited room to increase the earnings potential within the existing clubs. They already ran added-value revenue generating services, such as a holiday club, but perhaps more could be done with the existing hotels such as running weekend fitness breaks. IDENTIFYING SOURCES OF COMPETITION 1. THREAT OF NEW ENTRANTS Threat of new entrant might not be a matter of huge concern as there are high barriers to entry in this industry. Highly developed equipments and expert staff requirement make it difficult for fitness centres to enter in the market. 2. BARGAINING POWER OF BUYERS With the membership levels rising steadily and the market getting oversaturated the buyer powers were high. 3. BARGAINING POWERS OF SUPPLIERS It was important to invest with hotels of the right hotels. But the number of quality hotels being less the bargaining powers of suppliers was high. 4. THREAT OF SUBSTITUTES The threat from the substitutes was not very high as there were few companies in the UK of the same stature as of Fitness Express. One of these was a similar contract management company with thirty contracts, but their profit margins were comparatively low compared to Fitness Express. 5. COMPETITIVE ENVIRONMENT With the merger activities going on the competition were on the high. LivingWell, the health clubs operated by Stakis, the hotel and casino group, had overtaken David Llyod Leisure. Cannons and First Leisure also came close to merging their health and fitness business. LIFE CYCLE OF THE BUSINESS Development Stage Users/buyers: Dave and Steve started their business as they took over the total control of the gym of the Barnham Broom hotel in Norwich. The business depended on the membership fees and the customers were those who were the members of the hotel leisure club. Competitors: Competitors were very few. Growth Stage Users/buyers: A monthly guest appearance on local Radio Broadlands fitness phone-in programme for 30 minutes seemed to be effective. Answering listeners, questions on fitness, e.g. how to work off excess fat gained over Christmas, gave FE wide coverage in the local area. Competitors: At this stage they were entry of the competitors. There was a high competition to niche the market position. Shakeout Stage Users/buyers: A swimming pool was added to the hotel site. The facilities attracted more people. Thus there was increase in the number of customers. Fitness Express effected a change in the payment structure. Competitors: Very high competition led to develop the business in other venues. Maturity Stage Users/buyers: They began to offer consulting services to independent hoteliers like Best Western Hotels. They also had an opportunity to work with Thomas Cook on their  £4milloin staff -leisure facility. Thus their business continued to develop at other venues. Competitors: Three new contracts were established in 1993. One of them was located only five miles away from their base at Barnham Broom. So the competition was high and there was a threat of losing customers. Decline Stage Users/buyers: With the days going through the contract expiry dates were around the corner. Thus it was evident that there could be a decline soon. Competitors: The issue of the contract was solved by ensuring that one would serve the family and children while the other would serve only the older group people. Thus the competition was reduced ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS AFFECTING THE COMPANYS MARKET POSITION 1. POLITICAL: Political issues include government policies or legislation. For a fitness organization, there is very little to be concerned about trade restrictions and tax. 2. ECONOMIC: Economic issues are a key factor for a fitness company. Fitness companies are leisure service providers. There might be a decrease in number of customers when there is an economic decline. People will not spend money on leisure activities when they have less disposable income. 3. SOCIOCULTURAL: Population demographics are an important factor which influences a fitness company. This includes age, sex and income of people. There is high demand from both young and old people for fitness and physical development. Fitness is also independent of sex. As discussed in the economic issues, fitness companies provide leisure facilities the economic condition of people is a matter of concern. Fitness Express was based on urban centre in East Anglia. This was strength of the business. 4. TECHNOLOGICAL: While technological issues might favour the company in terms of providing high barriers to entry for new entrants, it might be a matter of concern for the high demand and expectation from customers. Highly developed equipments and expert staff requirement make it difficult for fitness centres to enter in the market. At the same time in order to compete with the existing competitors, a fitness company should be aware of the technological developments and provide the latest equipments to its customers. 5. ENVIRONMENTAL: Environmental factors could come in way of a fitness company. Energy consumption is high as the equipments run on electricity. Hence the environmental protection laws can come in the way. 6. LEGAL: Being a fitness company, legal issues come into play in health and safety matters. Rules and regulations should be strict regarding quality of equipments used. All the staff should be well qualified and trained. This in turn will have an impact on the staff costs. SWOT ANALYSIS Strength Weakness Experience of Dave and Steve Both Dave and Steve were highly respected within their industry Excellent Customer Service provided by Fitness Express Staff recruitment policy Wide coverage in the local area through media Small business of 14 clubs Despite the number of staff they employed, Dave and Steve were still very hands-on Increase in staff cost High buyer power High supplier power Opportunities Threat Growing the business in other venues Deal with Swallow Including acquisition Organic growth Expiry of contracts with customers Customer loyalty and insufficient facilities Competition Loss of niche market power STRENGTH Steve worked with a large sports retailing outlet in York as a student, where he gained valuable experience in managing the operations of a large facility. Dave did his summer job in Lowesoft. He was involved in designing a mobile gym and providing fitness assessment for holidaymakers during his summer job. These experiences paid off when they started their own business. Steve involved himself in the operational side of the business. Dave looked upon developing the business. Their strength was the respect they enjoyed within the industry. Dave was also appointed as Chairman of the Fitness Industry Association (FIA). The goodwill in the market certainly attracts customers towards a business. The policy of Fitness Express was EXCELLENT CUSTOMER SERVICE, which requires friendly and approachable staff. Gym users were frequently spoken to. In order to maintain a friendly environment they greeted their customers by their first names. The quality of the staff, and their ability to communicate with the guests would be the most important factor whether or not a guest would return the following year. Staffs were more likely hired on the basis of their personality than on their fitness, and any future business run by Steve would pay great attention to the personal development and training their staff. Word of mouth and the local PR that they encouraged generated membership for their club. A monthly guest appearance on local Radio Broadlands fitness phone-in programme for 30 minutes seemed to be effective. Answering listeners, questions on fitness, e.g. how to work off excess fat gained over Christmas, gave FE wide coverage in the local area. WEAKNESS Building the small empire of 14 clubs had taken Dave and Steve over 12 years. Their competitors had a more widespread business. Despite having employed over 190 staffs, Dave and Steve were both still very hands-on. Managing at both the tactical and the strategic level was physically exhausting and they knew that it was unsustainable in the long run. Since the industry demands well qualified and trained staff. This will have an impact on the staff costs. With the membership levels rising steadily and the market getting oversaturated the buyer powers were high. As the number of quality hotels to deal with was few, the bargaining powers of suppliers were high. OPPURTINITIES Four years into the business, Dave and Steve realized that they should expand their business. As they had no funds to build new health centres in different venues, they began to offer consulting services to independent hoteliers like Best Western Hotels. They also had an opportunity to work with Thomas Cook on their  £4milloin staff leisure facility which secured them the contract to run Legal and Generals facility in Tadworth, Surrey. A deal with Swallow, a major UK hotel chain meant that 50% of the shares of FE would be purchased by them. All the chains leisure facilities would be managed by Fitness Express on a joint venture basis, with the hotels continuing to employ their own staff, but supported by a dedicated Fitness Express team. This came as a big opportunity and everyone was exited. Following 12 successful years, Fitness Express was cash rich with over  £300,000 sitting in the bank to use in acquisitions. There was existing a similar contract management company as Fitness Express but far less profitable per club. Integrating them into Fitness Express, with all the personnel and cultural issues that would emerge, would be even more difficult, especially given the geographic spread of the contracts they would be buying. Organic growth can also be considered as an option. Fitness Express was running a tight ship and there was limited room to increase the earnings potential within the existing clubs. They already ran added-value revenue generating services, such as a holiday club, but perhaps more could be done with the existing hotels such as running weekend fitness breaks. THREAT One of their customers was the Hotel Norwich who served notice to leave, with their contract of two years expiring over the following three months. Applying this to their other contracts, Dave and Steve realized that within two years the basis of their entire business could collapse. So they went back to all their sites and renegotiated their contracts. Most customers eventually agreed to a three-year contract with a six-month notice either way. This was a mere temporary solution. But it was to be kept on mind that expiry of contracts is a continuous threat for Fitness Express. A disaster hotel was taken on. The management of the hotel was not committed to the customer service and facilities were not up to the mark to generate sufficient turnover (e.g. there was no car park), so quickly the two partners realized that this could never be made to work satisfactorily. Luckily the contract being an incorrectly-worded one, they found a way to get out of the agreement after one year. Though they incurred a loss of  £30k but overall disaster was avoided. So it was important to grow with the right hotels. But were there sufficient hotels of the right quality out there? With the merger activities going on the competition were on the high. LivingWell, the health clubs operated by Stakis, the hotel and casino group, had overtaken David Llyod Leisure. Cannons and First Leisure also came close to merging their health and fitness business. Three new contracts were established in 1993. One of them was located only five miles away from their base at Barnham Broom. This came as a potential threat. The high competition in the market can also affect loss of the market power that the company secured over the past years. RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSION As the options of further growth of the Fitness Express seemed to be three-fold, with the analysis of the macro and the microenvironments it can be concluded that expanding Fitness Express through acquisition would be a good option. Though the deal with Swallow is attractive financially, but to sell the company and let the business become another highly professional fitness chain does not seem to be the best measure. Again they were running in a tight ship and there was limited room to increase the earnings potential within the existing clubs. The only way to grow significantly was to increase the number of clubs. Dave and Steve were highly respected in the industry. They were very experienced. Fitness express provided excellent customer service. With these strengths, the company should focus on acquiring another management company and work on the improvements of the existing infrastructure to make it pay.

Book Report On a Dramatic Death :: essays research papers fc

Book Report on "A Dramatic Death" This story starts off with the Dorking Drama Group who are making a play everything is going well until gruesome accidents start happening but the group ignores it until a prop falls down and kills someone. The police do a investigation but conclude that it was a accident so the play goes on, but everybody is convinced it was foul play and everyone in the drama group is a suspect. The cast members start investigating the murder by themselves and everybody starts turning against each other. In the end two cast members named Steve and Claire find out the murder is Claire because they themselves were attacked by her but they identified her. Emma was a jealous cast member who loved Steve but Claire was Steve's girlfriend, Steve always treated her like a sister but she wanted more than that and went to great lengths to achieve. CHARACTER ANALYSIS The main characters in my book are Steve and Emma. Steve was a popular good looking guy who all the girls liked. He didn't like school that much expect the Dorking Drama Club where he acted in the play, he had a sister and Steve was very careful to trust anyone during all the murder. Emma was very fond of Steve but because she was Steve's sister's friend for so long Steve treated her as a sister, which she didn't like. Emma became so fond of Steve that she start doing all these gruesome things and in the end she went to a mental hospital. Emma liked to be in the play a lot and she was said to have a very over active imagination. SETTING The setting was in a small quiet town called Dorking, the play took in a high school drama room. The setting brings people together (the drama group) which brings conflicts. The town was described to bring a spooky setting to the novel. THEME The theme of this novel is that we shouldn't trust everybody we know no matter how close they are. In the novel the murder is found to be a very close friend to everyone. Everyone should be considered a suspect. This book was written is for to show the great lengths that some people will go to for love. CHAPTER 1 The Dorking Drama club is getting ready for a play and everybody is joking around and acting calm. When they are rehearsing and somebody opens a prop they scream and find there is a dead cat in the box, everyone wonders who is capable of doing such a thing like this.

National Debt :: Argumentative Persuasive Papers Economics

National Debt The above statement suggests that the government should not make cuts in the social fabric because it can always roll over the debt, therefore, the national debt can be ignored. This statement means nothing to many Americans who would never dream of having a conversation about the national debt. Before reading about the national debt, I was one of those Americans who didn't care to realize the trouble my country, the land of the free, home of the brave, is in grave trouble. The trouble will come from the measures a government must take to reduce, or even stabilize a debt of 4.5 trillion dollars. "Taxation without representation" is a phrase found in the history books of our children. The young people of america learn about past events in hopes that history will not repeat itself. Something has failed. Those same children will feel the effects of their parents and grandparents goodtimes(running up of the national debt). The children of america are being taxed and punished. Right before their eyes, the children's future living styles aredeclining, while these children are ignorant to the fact. This is an example of taxation without representation. For the children, I believe the national debt cannot be ignored any longer. Nixon, Ford, Regan....the list of presidents who have tried to balance the national debt seems to want to go on forever. This cannot and will not happen. The national debt is eating us alive and must be balanced. No more trying, it must be done. There does however appear to be no end. The U.S. seemsto always be in someone's war, which causes recession and must run a deficit to stimulate the economy, but if our country insists on protecting